On the International day of persons with disability 3rd December -would like to elaborate the role of my specialty with the differently abled.
The United Nations report of 2013 enumerates 15% of the world population to be living with some form of disability (physical,mental & sensory).In India ,approximately 10% of population suffers from disabilities related to locomotion,vision,hearing & intellect as per the NSSO 2010 report.
As an ENT surgeon,I routinely work with special children & their parents.The role of an ENT will be in assessing,diagnosing ear, nose,throat problems & helping in habilitation alongside the therapists.
Ear:
Often hearing disability or impairment goes undiagnosed as it is not as explicit or obvious as physical impairment or blindness.Ear wax & middle ear effusions should be regularly attended to as in any other child.
Reduced hearing acuity during infancy and early childhood interferes with the development of speech and language skills, because it is likely that the child will not receive adequate auditory, linguistic, and social stimulation required for speech and language learning, social and emotional development, and that family functioning will suffer accordingly (NIH, 1993).It can be argued that these effects are even larger in a population with an intellectual disability.
The United Nations report of 2013 enumerates 15% of the world population to be living with some form of disability (physical,mental & sensory).In India ,approximately 10% of population suffers from disabilities related to locomotion,vision,hearing & intellect as per the NSSO 2010 report.
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Ear:
Often hearing disability or impairment goes undiagnosed as it is not as explicit or obvious as physical impairment or blindness.Ear wax & middle ear effusions should be regularly attended to as in any other child.
Reduced hearing acuity during infancy and early childhood interferes with the development of speech and language skills, because it is likely that the child will not receive adequate auditory, linguistic, and social stimulation required for speech and language learning, social and emotional development, and that family functioning will suffer accordingly (NIH, 1993).It can be argued that these effects are even larger in a population with an intellectual disability.
There are also communication disorders which can be of several types including expressive language disorder & mixed receptive-expressive language
Nose:
Commonly we come across nasal allergy,infection,muscular tone /nasopharyngeal narrowing due to structural abnormality or adenoids.
Throat:
Specific problems in differently abled children are drooling & swallowing or feeding difficulties.
It is considered abnormal for a child older than four years to exhibit persistent drooling and this problem is most commonly seen in special children.The management is tailored case basis.It can be conservative-speech therapy & oral stimulation therapy to use of Appliances –Dental.We also sometimes use anticholinergic drugs.Injection of botox in the salivary gland & Surgery is reserved for severe cases.
Inter relationships among development of feeding & swallowing & other developmental domain.
Motor skills -> Ability to hold things -> Delay in self feed
Communication development ->Ability to express need ->Attitude towards food
Medical condition -> Delayed feeding patterns->Need to be fed with food textures
ENT Surgeon plays an important role in feeding & swallowing team.
In conclusion,there is so much to do & help our special kids.Its all about strengthening their abilities...as a team.
"It was ability that mattered, not disability, which is a word I'm not crazy about using." - Marlee Matlin
Throat:
Specific problems in differently abled children are drooling & swallowing or feeding difficulties.
It is considered abnormal for a child older than four years to exhibit persistent drooling and this problem is most commonly seen in special children.The management is tailored case basis.It can be conservative-speech therapy & oral stimulation therapy to use of Appliances –Dental.We also sometimes use anticholinergic drugs.Injection of botox in the salivary gland & Surgery is reserved for severe cases.
Inter relationships among development of feeding & swallowing & other developmental domain.
Motor skills -> Ability to hold things -> Delay in self feed
Communication development ->Ability to express need ->Attitude towards food
Medical condition -> Delayed feeding patterns->Need to be fed with food textures
ENT Surgeon plays an important role in feeding & swallowing team.
In conclusion,there is so much to do & help our special kids.Its all about strengthening their abilities...as a team.
"It was ability that mattered, not disability, which is a word I'm not crazy about using." - Marlee Matlin
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